Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is currently one of the most harmful and economically significant diseases of cattle in many countries, including Kazakhstan. Due to the unfavorable situation in the country for this type of disease, a quick diagnosis of this virus is required for a timely response and taking the necessary measures. To solve these problems, a test system based on the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method has been developed. When developing the test system, modern molecular biological methods were used, with the help of which the most conservative and specific regions of the GPCR gene of the LSDV were determined. Using the selected regions, species-specific pairs of primers and probes were designed and synthesized. For setting RT-PCR, the temperature regime and the ratio of the components of the reaction mixture are optimized. The developed test system was tested in terms of specificity and sensitivity using DNA from LSDV, sheep pox, goat pox, camel pox viruses and plasmids with inserts of LSDV gene fragments. The results of laboratory tests МОЛЕКУЛЯРНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ И ГЕННАЯ ИНЖЕНЕРИЯ 33 №8 2021 Ғылыми журнал Научный журнал The scientific journal БИОҚАУІПСІЗДІК ЖӘНЕ БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ БИОБЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ И БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ BIOSAFETY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY showed that the test system works specifically, and the sensitivity is 20 attograms of plasmid DNA in one reaction, which corresponds to 5 copies of the DNA molecules of the LSDV

The threat of human infection with coronavirus became known back in the 60s of the last century. Since then, zoonotic coronavirus infection has spread among people and there were two major epidemics at the beginning of the 21st century. The rate of human infection with coronavirus infection spread rapidly and caused serious concern in the world. Coronavirus infection has undergone various genetic changes over time, as a result, in 2019, in Wuhan, China, coronavirus infection spread among people. Due to the widespread spread of coronavirus infection in the world, WHO declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 has been registered in about 200 countries around the world and has undergone various genetic changes over time. Due to genetic changes, a new strain of coronavirus infection appeared in the UK in the autumn of 2020. To determine the genetic changes of coronavirus infection and to study them, 65 pairs of primers were developed in the Collective Use Laboratory to obtain the complete nucleotide sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Specific primers have been developed for the development of significant genes of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The developed primers allow us to obtain complete information about the genes of SARS-CoV-2 viruses. The presented primers can be used for identification and development of the complete genome of the SARS-CoV-2 virus

Bovine tuberculosis is an infectious respiratory disease of cattle without specific clinical signs, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis), which can cross the species barrier, infect and cause disease in many other wild and domestic animals. Immunization of cattle by vaccination is a standard preventive measure in the fight against tuberculosis. The only currently available vaccine against human and bovine tuberculosis is live attenuated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and its modified variants. The need to develop a domestic vaccine that provides higher and more stable protection than the BCG vaccine is relevant. And the purpose of this work is to select the optimal component composition of the PCR reaction mixture for the production of protective proteins M. bovis Esat-6 and TB10.4. As a result of work to optimize the PCR setting for the obtaining mycobacterial genes of M. bovis, Taq DNA polymerase containing MgCl2 – 0.3 μl; 10x PCR buffer – 2.5 µl; specific primers (20 pM) – 1 µl each, dNTP mixture (10 mM)-1 µl; target DNA – 5 µl were used as part of the reaction mixture in a total volume of 25 µl with optimized mode: 94°C – 5 min, 94°C – 1 min, 55/62°C – 40 sec, 72°C – 1.30 min (35 cycles), and 72°C – 7 min, 4°C – cooling and storage indefinitely

The paper presents the results of determining the safety and immunogenicity of the production series of the avian influenza inactivated vaccine made of the new recombinant strain A/gyrfalcon/Washington/41088-6/2014 (H5N8)-PR8-IDCDC-RG43A, hereinafter abbreviated RG43A (H5N8), prepared according to previously developed technology. The vaccine is safe with intramuscular administration of a five-fold dose of 2,5 cm3 for chickens of 88 days age. The vaccine is immunogenic when administered intramuscularly at a dose of 0,5 cm3, the average titers of antibodies to the avian influenza virus subtype H5 on the 28th day after administration of the drug were 1:224. Studies have established the immunogenic capabilities of the vaccine from the recombinant strain. The results of the experiments showed the advantage of using a recombinant strain adapted to embryos instead of the field avian influenza virus subtype H5.

The article presents the results of studying the safety and reactogenicity of a heterologous vaccine of the goat pox virus, from the strain “G20-LKV” against nodular dermatitis of cattle. The safety and reactogenicity of the vaccine were tested on cattle and laboratory animals (white mice and rabbits). The results of the studies showed that subcutaneous administration of the vaccine to cattle, intramuscular to rabbits and intraperitoneal to white mice does not cause reactogenicity and adverse events in the body of the tested animals. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, it was found that the heterologous goat pox vaccine is harmless and areactogenic for cattle, rabbits and white mice.

This article presents the results on the dynamics of the death of E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and brucella, after exposure to the drug “Polyphag”. As a result of our research, the necessary concentrations and the time of the initial and lethal action of the disinfectant “Polyphag” were established

The paper presents data on the development and development of freezing and
freeze-drying regimes for the vaccine against Newcastle disease, the vaccine against lumpy
dermatitis from the «G20-LKV» strain of the goat pox virus and the “Test system [kit] for
detecting antibodies to lumpy dermatitis virus in cattle enzyme immunoassay method” at the
«Yusifrua» sublimation unit. Thus, the parameters of freeze-drying of vaccine preparations
by 1 cm3 were established. Freezing temperature from minus 50-56°С; heating temperature
from 0 to +30°С; drying time 36 hours, final drying temperature plus 22-24°C 8-10 hours.
Their full solidification temperatures and eutectic zones were determined, which are for
the vaccine against Newcastle disease and the vaccine against lumpy dermatitis from the
G20-LKV strain of goat poxvirus minus (50÷52)°С, the operating mode of heating plates from
0°С to plus 30°C.
For the test system for the lumpy skin disease virus, the cattle is minus (54÷56)°С, with the
working heating of the plates from 0°С to plus 30°С.

Foliar and stem diseases are detrimental to spring bread and durum wheat in all growing regions. The objective of this study was to evaluate 52 synthetic varieties and lines of spring wheat for resistance to foliar and stem diseases. The material studied was from the Kazakhstan-Siberia Network on Spring Wheat Improvement (KASIB) in 2021. It was found that many spring wheat varieties were not resistant to the pathogens studied. Varieties that were resistant to stem rust were found susceptible to leaf rust. Lines resistant to one of the rust types and resistant to two rust types, hence having group resistance, were selected. Spring wheat varieties resistant to the diseases were more in the Russian material than in the Kazakh material. Resistant samples of spring bread and durum wheat can be suggested for breeding programs for disease resistance in Kazakhstan