For the development of the agro-industrial complex of Kyrgyzstan and the implementation of all its tasks, it is necessary to improve the quality of vocational education, train specialists who meet international standards and are in demand on the labor market, therefore, students and postgraduates should be involved in scientific work. It is scientific activity and achievements in this field that determine the quality of bachelor's or master's degree training, and make it possible to identify bright and talented students and young scientists. No innovative pedagogical technology will be effective enough without the connection of education, science, business and production. This chain should not be interrupted.

Pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative bacterium that is the causative agent of a wide range of infectious diseases such as avian cholera, atrophic rhinitis and pasteurellosis in various animal species, including cattle, pigs and birds. One of the key factors of its virulence is a capsule consisting of hyaluronic acid, which helps the bacterium to avoid phagocytosis and the immune response of the host. In this work, a comprehensive analysis of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the hyaD gene encoding hyaluronate synthase (PmHAS) in P. multocida of the serogroup A strains was carried out. Special attention is paid to single-nucleotide substitutions, which, despite their presence, do not change the catalytic domains of the enzyme, which ensures its stable enzymatic activity. The conservatism of the key regions of the hyaD gene creates difficulties for accurate diagnosis of serogroup A using standard genotyping methods. Within the framework of the study, a strategy for the development of specific TaqMan probes for the detection of gray group A based on variable gene regions is proposed. These molecular tests can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy and facilitate timely monitoring of infections caused by Pasteurella multocida. The obtained data emphasize the importance of further studies of single-nucleotide substitutions and their effect on bacterial virulence.

Bacterial infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains are among the most dangerous threats to global public health. The highest number of resistance cases is detected among the so-called ESKAPE pathogens (from the initials of Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.). These bacteria cause life-threatening nosocomial infections, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems and chronic diseases. The article discusses the rationale for phage therapy, clinical problems, and proposes phage therapy as an effective means against ESKAPE pathogens. It characterizes some of their biological properties (effect of high temperature, resistance to chloroform exposure, and the impact of pH changes on bacteriophage activity). High temperature was studied as a physical factor, and chloroform exposure as a chemical factor affecting bacteriophages. The study found that heating phages for 30 minutes at 60°C did not affect their activity. They maintained activity within a pH range of 7.0 to 7.5 and were resistant to chloroform exposure for 40 minutes. It should be noted that the alkaline environment of the buffer solution slightly affected the activity of the studied bacteriophages, while the acidic environment had a more significant impact on reducing their infectivity.

This article summarizes the experience of the Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems (RIBSP) in ensuring biological safety and biosecurity when handling pathogens of especially dangerous and exotic animal diseases, including zoonotic diseases. All aspects of the facility's safe operation are critically analyzed, including engineering, technical, and technological support, personnel training requirements, protocols for handling highly dangerous pathogens, specific preventive measures, and the regulatory framework. The article highlights the RIBSP's compliance with modern BS and biosecurity standards, which ensures the facility's sustainability in these areas.

This article presents the results of a study on the detection of mycoplasma infection in various cell lines and the evaluation of the effectiveness of antimycoplasma drugs. To detect mycoplasmas in cell cultures, DNA fluorochrome (DAPI, Apollo Scientific) staining methods, PlasmoTest™ (Invivogen, France), MycoStrip (Invivogen, France) and EZ-PCR™ (Biological Industries, Israel) kits were used, which are widely recommended for detecting mycoplasmas in cell culture. Based on the obtained research results, it was found that the antimycoplasma drugs MycoZap (Lonza Bioscience), Plasmocin (Invivogen, France), MRA (BIO-RAD) and ВМ-Cyclin (Roche) are effective in combating mycoplasma contamination of cell cultures. The method of detecting mycoplasmas with DNA fluorochromes, determining the presence of mycoplasma may be subjective, since its sensitivity to mycoplasmas is low. In turn, the MycoStrip set can give a false negative result due to the presence of mycoplasmas not included in the list of detectable species of this set. The positive and negative results of PlasmoTest were precisely correlated with the results of EZ-PCR. If mycoplasma contamination is suspected, DNA staining and the MycoStrip kit can be used for preliminary analysis, and PlasmoTest™ and EZ-PCR final confirmation.

The article discusses a method for obtaining an extract from plant materials of the common garden chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Bol.) and methods for studying its composition. A liquid extract obtained from plant materials of garden chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Bol.) was obtained by percolation. The process of this approach consists of 3 stages. A technological scheme for obtaining a liquid extract of garden chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Bol.) using the percolation method is presented. Biologically active substances in the extract obtained by this method were determined. The composition of the liquid extract was determined by gas chromatography with a mass spectrometric detector (7890A/5975C). Based on literature data, it has been established that the released components have an anti-inflammatory effect. As a result of studying the composition of a liquid extract obtained by percolation from plant materials of garden chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Bol.) using gas chromatography with a mass spectrometric detector, 29 organic compounds were isolated. Among the active substances isolated, the compounds with the highest percentage are: Pulegone, l-Menthone, Eucalyptol.