One of the main requirements for the new vaccines being created is their safety in use, including the total protein content, which are one of the main indicators of the quality and safety of vaccines. This article presents the results of work on the comparative analysis of methods for determining the total protein in the active pharmaceutical substance (AFS) and also the bulk product of the vaccine "QazCovid-in ® .Determination of the total protein concentration was carried out by comparing the methods of Lowry, Bradford, commercial sets of Clini Test-BL and BSA Gold Protein. As a result of the determination of the total protein in the composition of the AFS by the classical Lowry method and the commercial CliniTest-BL kit, the highest values were obtained on average 616.67 and 589 μl/ml, and in the bulk product 51.11 and 47.38 μl/ml, respectively. The most minimal indicator of the total protein content of 38.39±0.000059 is shown by the method using the commercial BSA Gold Protein kit. The average values of total protein content showed the results obtained by the Bradford method and the determination of total protein by a commercial set of Clini Test-BL. The data obtained allow us to recommend the use of a set of Clini Test-BL for use in quality control, since this set is characterized by the ease and speed of the determination method, which is not inferior to the classical Lowry method. When determining the total protein content in the bulk product used to prepare the QazVac vaccine against COVID-19, the classical Lowry method showed the best result with a high degree of sensitivity.

The article presents data on serological monitoring of contagious pleuropneumonia of goats in goat farms in Tajikistan. As a result of selective serological studies using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA test), it was found that contagious pleuropneumonia of goats has a high incidence in farms of the Republic of Tajikistan and causes significant economic damage to goat farms.
Enzyme immunoassay of 159 samples of blood serum of goats of local breed from 9 goat farms in 7 districts of the country seropositivity was found in 54 animal heads, which was 34%. The most widespread PDAs were noted in the goat farms of the Rudaki, A. Jami and Rasht districts, respectively 80.45 and 40%.

The early stages of development of aquatic organisms, including fish, are inherently vulnerable to the effects of lead (Pb) and other water-polluting metals. However, reports of harmful effects of environmentally significant Pb levels are limited. To this end, we exposed the embryos of old Danio rerio fish 2.5 hours after fertilization (hours) to a range of Pb concentrations covering environmentally significant levels (10 μm; 20 μm; 40 μm; 60 μm), up to 120h. Exposure negatively affected the development and survival of the embryos of danio fish, causing mortality associated with embryo coagulation, depending on concentration. At 24 hpf, the highest level of exposure (60 μm Pb) led to impaired embryo activity, characterized by a decrease in burst activity and the number of movements performed by embryos per minute. At 72 hpf, all the embryos hatched in all exposure concentrations. Morphological abnormalities and an increase in mRNA expression were observed. These results indicate that the Pb content within ecologically significant levels may be harmful to developing danio fish.

When testing anti-brucellosis vaccines, an important role is played by studying the infecting dose of control strains. To restore the virulent properties of the control strains Brucella melitensis 16 M and Brucella abortus 544, it is necessary to carry out multiple successive passages in different doses (starting from 1,000,000 colony-forming units, CFU/cm3 to 5 CFU/cm3), through the body of sensitive laboratory animals. In this case, for experimental work, we took 54 heads of guinea pigs (males) weighing 350-380 g, from which we created 9 groups of 6 heads each. The article reflects the progress and results of research into determining the minimum fixing infectious dose of the control reference strains Brucella melitensis 16 M and Brucella abortus 544.
Based on the results of the studies, the minimum infectious dose (5 CFU) of Brucella after the ninth passage, which causes the generalized form of brucellosis, was determined. Spent virulent fixing doses (5 CFU/cm3) strains of Brucella melitensis 16 M and Brucella abortus 544 can be used for control infection when setting up various experiments to determine and evaluate the immunogenicity of anti-brucellosis vaccines and chemoprophylaxis.

The article presents the results of studies on the cultivation of lumpy skin disease virus in cell cultures obtained from the kidney and testicle of a lamb, the kidney of an embryonic cattle (MDBK), the kidney of a newborn Syrian hamster (BHK-21), the kidney of an African green monkey (Vero) and the determination of optimal cultivation parameters of the strain of this virus in the selected cell culture. According to the results of the research, it was found that among the tested cell cultures obtained from the kidneys and testicles of lambs, they showed high sensitivity to the cultivation of this virus. Also, as a result of the research, the optimal parameters for cultivating the virus in cell culture were determined, including the infecting dose - 0.1÷0.001 TCD50/cell; the optimum cultivation temperature is 36.5°C; serum content in the composition of the nutrient medium - 2%; cultivation period 96-144 hours. Based on these established optimal cultivation parameters, the infectious activity of this strain ranged from 106.10 to 106.25 lg TCID50/cm3. In addition, during the holding of the virus in trypsinized primary cell cultures for up to 10 successive passage generations, the virus adapts to the specified cell, causing cytopathological changes in the cell, which also made it possible to obtain the maximum viral mass. The obtained results of the research can be widely used in the future in the development of preventive and diagnostic drugs against the lumpy skin disease virus CRS.

As part of the strategy to diversify cultivated areas and increase the profitability of agricultural enterprises, oilseeds, including soybeans, represent a promising direction for the development of the agricultural sector in the country. Kazakhstan is among the top 20 soybeanproducing countries globally. However, significant damage to soybean crops in the region was affected primarily by fungal diseases, leading to 20-50 % yield losses. This article presents field experiments conducted in the arid submontane agro-climatic Zhambyl region, focusing on the resistance of the global soybean collection. The study used 276 soybean varieties from Eastern Europe, Western Europe, North America, East Asia, and Kazakhstan. Screening of world soybean collection from 25 countries for field resistance towards various pathogens demonstrated a total of 197 soybean sources resistant to Cercospora sojina, 260 resistant to Septoria glycines, 76 resistant to Pseudomonas solanacearum, and 174 resistant to Peronospora manchurica. Among the tested samples, 24 soybean varieties of different origins exhibited high resistance to all pathogens, accounting for only 8.79% of those evaluated in the field during this experiment. These findings highlight the importance of identifying and utilizing disease-resistant soybean varieties to mitigate the impact of fungal diseases and improve soybean production in the region.