The canine distemper virus was diagnosed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). For diagnostics with RT-PCR, the fluorescent dye SYBR Green I was used. Using RT-PCR, 106 dogs were tested in the vicinity of Bishkek and c. Bishkek. Of 106 dogs, 10 healthy dogs were used for controls. Clinical samples were obtained from 96 dogs, from 87 the causative agent of canine distemper virus was identified and 9 gave a negative result. In recent years, the PCR method has been successfully used in veterinary practice and in scientific centers of the our country to diagnose infectious diseases of agricultural and domestic animals. In veterinary practice and science, when determining infectious diseases, PCR is a standard procedure that allows you to determine the presence of the pathogen gene. With canine distemper virus, the use of the PCR method is considered a necessary procedure, since other methods are less sensitive and not very effective. The use of RT-PCR simplifies diagnostics and saves time for the analysis than PCR in the classic version. Therefore, today, the introduction of RT-PCR into practical veterinary medicine is considered relevant in our country.

the strategy for eliminating harmful mutations in the Holstein breed includes genetic monitoring of the prevalence of hidden hereditary anomalies using molecular genetic methods. Currently, there is a tendency to increase the number of hereditary diseases in highly productive breeding animals due to intensive selection and inbreeding. The aim of this study was to develop new and improve existing molecular genetic methods for diagnosing carriers of fertility haplotypes HH3, HH5 in Holstein cows and to study the incidence of these diseases. Diagnosis of heterozygous carriers of the mutation in the coding part of the SMC2 gene was carried out using the tetra-primer ARMS-PCR reaction, the sequences of external and internal primers were determined using the Primer 1 program. Allele-specific primers were used to detect carriers of the deletion in the TFB1M gene, the sizes of the PCR product in homozygous healthy animals 442 bp, in heterozygous carriers 442 bp. and 256 b.p. According to the results of genetic monitoring in the study population, the frequency of heterozygous carriers of the HH3 fertility haplotype was 3.23%, HH5 - 8.35%. It is recommended, in order to control the risk of morbidity of breeding stock with hereditary anomalies, to carry out genetic screening of breeding stock of dairy farms with the coverage of diagnostic tests ranging from 10% to 20% of the total livestock.

This article presents data from monitoring studies on avian influenza in the northern regions of Kazakhstan. Collection of samples from domestic and wild birds was carried out in the northern regions of the Kazakhstan. Detection and typing of the influenza virus was carried out by PCR and sequencing. The biological activity of the isolated viruses was determined on 9-10 day old developing chicken embryos. As a result of the research, it was found that the cause of illness and death of birds in the farms of the Akmola and North Kazakhstan regions in 2021 is an avian influenza. Influenza A/H5N8 virus was found in samples from poultry delivered from farms in Akmola (53.8%) and North Kazakhstan (16.7%) regions, as well as in a sample from a wild goose that lived on Lake Koybagar in Kostanay region. Influenza viruses isolated from wild and domestic birds are classified as subtype A/H5N8 to Clade 2.3.4.4b along the Eurasian line II (Eurasian HPAIV H5N8 Lineage II). The spread of avian influenza in the population of wild and domestic birds in the northern regions of Kazakhstan requires the veterinary services to take measures for developing effective control measures based on molecular epidemiology data.

Barley is one of the most common grain crops in the world, but on the territory of Kazakhstan, the culture has acquired great agricultural importance due to its unpretentiousness in production in a difficult climate. One of the promising areas in agriculture is the identification of varieties resistant to fungal diseases. The main aspect when using resistant varieties of barley is to improve the quality of products due to the partial or complete rejection of chemical processing. In 2021-2022 On the experimental field of the Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Crop Production, a field assessment was made of the resistance of 46 varieties of winter and spring barley of domestic origin to the most common fungal diseases in Kazakhstan (net spot, brown spot, rhynchosporia and powdery mildew). According to the results of phytopathological assessment, sources of resistance to major fungal diseases were selected among barley varieties. 7 varieties of winter and spring barley were found, resistant to several fungal diseases. The identified accessions and varieties of barley, resistant to both one and two or more pathogens, can be purposefully used in breeding programs to create resistant varieties of barley.

The problem of "new" infectious diseases has now acquired particular relevance for national and international health systems. One of these infections is the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Due to the rapid spread of a new type of coronavirus in the world, molecular genetic studies of this virus are of great importance. This will help to understand the nature of the virus and develop antiviral drugs to prevent the disease. The aim is to identify a missense mutation in the ORF3 gene of the studied coronavirus strain SARS-CoV-2/human/KAZ/Britain. This paper presents the results of the development and sequencing of the ORF3 gene of the coronavirus strain SARS-Cov-2/human/KAZ/Britain. For the development and sequencing by the Sanger method of the ORF3 gene, 4 pairs of primers were developed, with an overlap of 100-150 bp. The changes in the ORF3 gene compared to other strains whose data were obtained from the GISAID database were analyzed.  As a result, the obtained amino acid sequences of the ORF3a gene of variant B.1.1.7 were compared with the reference strain HCoV-19/Wuhan/Hu-1/2019, where one mutation was determined at position 149: W (tryptophan) → L (leucine). The phylogenetic affiliation of the studied virus strain was also determined, where the genetic distance between the studied strains of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was determined. Thus, the greatest similarity with the studied strain were: HCoV-19/Wuhan/Hu-1/2019, HCoV-19/England/MILK-9E05B3/2020, HCoV-19/Japan/IC-0446/2020, HCoV-19/Germany/NI-IOV-MHH15/2020, and the strain HCoV-19/Argentina/PAIS-F0418/2021 significantly distanced itself from the SARS-CoV-2/human/KAZ/Britain strain.

One of the main requirements for the new vaccines being created is their safety in use, including their sterility, the index of hydrogen ions and the content of bacterial endotoxins (BE), which are among the main indicators of quality and safety. Compliance of these parameters to the standards of the GF RK is directly related to the quality of water used in the production line. This article presents the results of work on determining one of the main safety parameters of biological products, such as sterility, bacterial endotoxin content and hydrogen ion index.

The sterility of the biological product was determined by filtration with subsequent inoculation on specific bacterial culture media. As a result, it was found that the samples of purified and injected water are free of extraneous microflora, colony growth was not observed for 5-7 days.   Abundant colony growth on bacterial nutrient media is observed in tap and wastewater samples, which confirms the presence of coprophytic microorganisms. A LAL test was used to determine bacterial endotoxins. As a result of the work carried out to determine the content of BE, it was found that in samples of purified and injection water, the concentration of BE is 0.15 IU/ml, while the concentration of BE in wastewater samples is 15 IU/ml, and in tap water 1.5 IU/ml, which also does not exceed the norm. When studying the indicators of hydrogen ions in the tested samples, the pH value of injection water is 7.16, purified water – 6.84, tap water – 7.93, wastewater - 7.03. The obtained indicators indicate that the microbiological parameters of the tested water samples comply with the norms and requirements of the GF RK.