OUTBREAK PREDICTION METHODS AND MEASURES TO CONTROL THE SPREAD OF BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA IN KAZAKHSTAN

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a contagious, acute disease of cattle that is reported in many countries around the world. BVD is caused by pestiviruses Pestivirus A and Pestivirus B belonging to the genus Pestivirus, family Flaviviridae. The disease causes significant economic damage to livestock breeding, leading to reproductive dysfunction (reduced reproductive capacity, delayed births, early embryonic death, abortion, congenital anomalies) and decreased productivity (morbidity, high calf mortality, decreased milk yield). In recent years, outbreaks of BVD have occurred in several regions of Russia and China bordering Kazakhstan, indicating a high risk of introducing the infection into the country. Although Kazakhstan is officially considered free from BVD, there are numerous indications that this infection is present in many regions of the country, which requires the use of effective control measures in regions at risk for infection. This article provides methods for assessing the epizootological situation and forecasting outbreaks, as well as recommendations for carrying out veterinary measures and monitoring BVD in Kazakhstan, based on the results of a monitoring study of the epizootological situation and an analysis of the risks of the spread of BVD in Kazakhstan in 2021-2023

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