EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION OF CHOLERA IN THE WORLD AND IN KAZAKHSTAN FOR 2022-2024

This paper provides an overview of the monitoring of the spread of cholera in the world, the CIS countries and the Republic of Kazakhstan with an assessment of the risks of possible introduction and further spread of this particularly dangerous disease among the population of the country. The ways of introduction, measures to prevent and contain the spread are considered in order to ensure the epidemiological well-being and biological safety of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2022-2023 and for six months of 2024.
Despite the large-scale vaccination of the population of Asia and Africa, there is an upward trend in the dynamics of the incidence of cholera in the world. In 2022-2023 and in the five months of 2024, 1,135,601 cholera patients were registered in 44 countries worldwide, of which 9297 were fatal. Including by country: 147 people fell ill in Europe, 2 died; in Asia - 666 350/,620; in Africa - 458 316/7357; in North and Central America - 10788/1318. WHO has reported imported cholera cases to countries in Asia, the Americas, including the Caribbean, Europe and Australia with Oceania. Administrative territories endemic to cholera have been identified in 24 countries. According to WHO, the increasing increase in the incidence of cholera is associated with social and natural risks caused by emergencies of various origins, the presence of endemic foci, imported infections and other risk factors. The forecast for cholera in the world for 2024-2025, taking into account the established high degree of activation of the epidemic process, is unfavorable. For the Republic of Kazakhstan, the cholera forecast is determined by the presence of external risks caused by the continuation of the seventh cholera pandemic, possible imports of infection to the regions of the country

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