biobБиобезопасность и БиотехнологияBiosafety and Biotechnology2707-72412957-5702Научно-исследовательский институт проблем биологической безопасности10.58318/2957-5702-2023-13-56-66biob-48Research ArticleБИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ И БИОЗАЩИТАBIOLOGICAL SAFETY AND BIOSECURITYИЗУЧЕНИЕ АГРОНОМИЧЕСКИХ И ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК НОВЫХ СОРТООБРАЗЦОВ ФАКУЛЬТАТИВНОЙ И ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫSTUDY OF AGRONOMIC AND IMMUNOLOGICAL TRAITS OF NEW FACULTATIVE AND WINTER WHEAT CULTIVAR SAMPLEShttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9535-2997МауленбайА. Д.MaulenbayA. D.

Мауленбай Акерке Даулеткызы, магистр технических наук, и.о. заведующего лаборатории

maulenbay.id@gmail.comКурымбаеваН. Д.KurymbaevaN. D.

Курымбаева Назира Дуйсеновна, магистр технических наук, младший научный сотрудник

kurymbaeva1989@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-9322ЫскаковаГ. Ш.YskakovaG. Sh.

Ыскакова Гулбахар Шахзидакызы, магистр естественных наук, научный сотрудник

y_gulbahar@mail.ruБайгутовМ. Ж.BaygutovM. Zh.

Байгутов Мурат Жетписович, старший лаборант

baigutov.murat@mail.ruАсраубаеваА. М.AsraubaevaA. M.

Асраубаева Айгул Молдабаевна, старший лаборант

asraubaeva_a@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-6076РсалиевА. С.RsaliyevA. S.

Рсалиев Аралбек Сырашович, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник

aralbek@mail.ruНаучно-исследовательский институт проблем биологической безопасностиКазахстанResearch Institute for Biological Safety ProblemsKazakhstan2023030320230135666Copyright © Мауленбай А.Д., Курымбаева Н.Д., Ыскакова Г.Ш., Байгутов М.Ж., Асраубаева А.М., Рсалиев А.С., 20232023Мауленбай А.Д., Курымбаева Н.Д., Ыскакова Г.Ш., Байгутов М.Ж., Асраубаева А.М., Рсалиев А.С.Maulenbay A.D., Kurymbaeva N.D., Yskakova G.S., Baygutov M.Z., Asraubaeva A.M., Rsaliyev A.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.biosafety.kz/jour/article/view/48

В данной статье представлены исследования хозяйственно-ценных признаков 70 сортообразцов факультативной и озимой пшеницы питомника наблюдения для полузасушливых сред (Facultative and Winter Wheat Observation Nursery for Semiarid Environments – FAWWON-SA), полученных из Международного центра улучшения пшеницы и кукурузы (International Wheat and Maize Improvement Center – CIMMYT). Изучение агрономических и иммунологических характеристик растений в полевых условиях имеет большое значение в селекционной практике, поскольку позволяет более эффективно отбирать лучшие генотипы, выявлять и использовать источники ценных признаков и повышать точность селекционных работ. Результаты эксперимента показали, что 57 сортообразцов пшеницы обладают высокой зимостойкостью, а продолжительность вегетационного периода новых сортообразцов находится в диапазоне от 242 до 247 сут. Значения массы 1000 семян варьировались от 45,00 до 97,33 г, и характеризовалась крупным и выполненным зерном. В условиях искусственного инфекционного фона видов ржавчины выявлено 15 сортообразцов с комплексной устойчивостью к стеблевой, листовой и желтой ржавчине. На основании результатов исследования была проведена группировка сортообразцов пшеницы по агрономическим и иммунологическим признакам. В результате исследования отобран 41 образец с ценными хозяйственно-ценными признаками, которые рекомендуются использовать в качестве доноров в селекции.

This study presents the research on economically valuable traits of 70 varieties of Facultative and Winter Wheat Observation Nursery for Semiarid Environments (FAWWON-SA) received from the International Wheat and Maize Improvement Center (CIMMYT). The study of agronomic and immunological characteristics of plants under field conditions is of great importance in breeding since it allows a selection of the best genotypes more effectively, identifies and uses the sources of valuable traits and increases the accuracy of breeding. The results showed that 57 cultivar samples were winter-hardy, and the days to maturation ranged from 242 to 247. The mass of 1000 kernel ranged from 45.00 to 97.33 grams being coarse and fulfilled. Under artificial infection background of rusts, 15 cultivar samples were resistant to stem, leaf and yellow rusts. Based on the results, wheat cultivar samples were grouped by agronomic and immunological traits, resulting in the identification of 41 cultivar samples with valuable characteristics which recommended as donors in breeding.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.