biobБиобезопасность и БиотехнологияBiosafety and Biotechnology2707-72412957-5702Научно-исследовательский институт проблем биологической безопасности10.58318/2957-5702-2022-9-44-54biob-24Research ArticleБИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ И БИОЗАЩИТАBIOLOGICAL SAFETY AND BIOSECURITYСеквенирование и филогенетический анализ гена ORF3a варианта В.1.1.7 вируса SARS-CoV-2Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the ORF3a gene variant B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2 virusУсербаевБ. С.UsserbayevB. SКожабергеновН. С.КozhabergenovN. S.МелисбекА. МMelisbekA. M.ШиринбековМ. ЖShirinbekovM. Zh.ТагайевА. ИTagayevA. I.БурашевЕ. Д.BurashevYe. D.Научно-исследовательский институт проблем биологической безопасностиКазахстанResearch Institute for Biological Safety ProblemsKazakhstan2022270620220104454Copyright © Усербаев Б.С., Кожабергенов Н.С., Мелисбек А.М., Ширинбеков М.Ж., Тагайев А.И., Бурашев Е.Д., 20222022Усербаев Б.С., Кожабергенов Н.С., Мелисбек А.М., Ширинбеков М.Ж., Тагайев А.И., Бурашев Е.Д.Usserbayev B.S., Кozhabergenov N.S., Melisbek A.M., Shirinbekov M.Z., Tagayev A.I., Burashev Y.D.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.biosafety.kz/jour/article/view/24

Проблема «новых» инфекционных болезней в настоящее время приобрела особую актуальность для национальных и международных систем здравоохранения. Одной из таких инфекций является коронавирус SARS-CoV-2. В связи с быстрым распространением нового типа коронавируса в мире, важное место занимает проведение молекулярно-генетических исследований данного вируса. Это поможет понять природу вируса и разработать противовирусные препараты с целью профилактики заболевания. Цель - идентификация миссенс-мутации в гене ORF3a исследуемого коронавирусного штамма SARS-CoV-2/human/KAZ/Britain. В данной работе представлены результаты наработки и секвенирования гена ORF3a коронавирусного штамма SARS-CоV-2/human/KAZ/Britain. Для наработки и секвенирования методом Сэнгера гена ORF3a было разработано 4 пары праймеров, с перектытием 100-150 п.о. Анaлизировaны изменения в гене ORF3a по сравнению с другими штаммами, данные которых получены из базы данных GISAID. В результате полученные последовательности аминокислот гена ORF3a варианта В.1.1.7 были сравнены с эталонным штаммом hCoV-19/Wuhan/Hu-1/2019, где была определена одна мутация в позиции 149: W (триптофан) → L (лейцин). Также определена филогенетическая принадлежность исследуемого штамма вируса, где определена генетическая дистанция между исследованными штаммами вируса SARS-CoV-2. Таким образом, наибольшее сходство с исследуемым штаммом были: hCoV-19/Wuhan/Hu-1/2019, hCoV-19/England/MILK-9E05B3/2020, hCoV-19/Japan/IC-0446/2020, hCoV-19/Germany/NI-IOV-MHH15/2020, а штамм  hCoV-19/Argentina/PAIS-F0418/2021 значительно дистанцировал от штамма SARS-CoV-2/human/KAZ/Britain.

The problem of "new" infectious diseases has now acquired particular relevance for national and international health systems. One of these infections is the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Due to the rapid spread of a new type of coronavirus in the world, molecular genetic studies of this virus are of great importance. This will help to understand the nature of the virus and develop antiviral drugs to prevent the disease. The aim is to identify a missense mutation in the ORF3 gene of the studied coronavirus strain SARS-CoV-2/human/KAZ/Britain. This paper presents the results of the development and sequencing of the ORF3 gene of the coronavirus strain SARS-Cov-2/human/KAZ/Britain. For the development and sequencing by the Sanger method of the ORF3 gene, 4 pairs of primers were developed, with an overlap of 100-150 bp. The changes in the ORF3 gene compared to other strains whose data were obtained from the GISAID database were analyzed.  As a result, the obtained amino acid sequences of the ORF3a gene of variant B.1.1.7 were compared with the reference strain HCoV-19/Wuhan/Hu-1/2019, where one mutation was determined at position 149: W (tryptophan) → L (leucine). The phylogenetic affiliation of the studied virus strain was also determined, where the genetic distance between the studied strains of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was determined. Thus, the greatest similarity with the studied strain were: HCoV-19/Wuhan/Hu-1/2019, HCoV-19/England/MILK-9E05B3/2020, HCoV-19/Japan/IC-0446/2020, HCoV-19/Germany/NI-IOV-MHH15/2020, and the strain HCoV-19/Argentina/PAIS-F0418/2021 significantly distanced itself from the SARS-CoV-2/human/KAZ/Britain strain.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.