biobБиобезопасность и БиотехнологияBiosafety and Biotechnology2707-72412957-5702Научно-исследовательский институт проблем биологической безопасности10.58318/2957-5702-2026-25-4-14biob-224Research ArticleСТАТЬИArticlesСеквенирование нового поколения и его применение в исследовании микробиома молочных продуктовNext-Generation Sequencing and Its Application in Dairy Microbiome Researchhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-6075ЖадыраС.ZhadyraS.

Жадыра Сагыман, доктор философии (PhD) по биоинженерии, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории биотехнологии Научно-исследовательского института биотехнологии и экологии,

г. Талдыкорган, 040000.

040000, Taldykorgan city.

akanais@yandex.kzhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-3102-6094МуратбековаА. Е.MuratbekovaA. E.

Муратбекова Аяулым Ержановна, магистр естественных наук, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории биотехнологии Научно-исследовательского института биотехнологии и экологии, 

г. Талдыкорган, 040000.

040000, Taldykorgan city.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9775-3970КасеноваГ. Т.KassenovaG. T.

Касенова Гулмира Тынышбаевна, кандидат ветеринарных наук, доцент, ассоциированный профессор, заведующая лабораторией биотехнологии Научно-исследовательского института биотехнологии и экологии, 

г. Талдыкорган, 040000.

040000, Taldykorgan city.

Жетысуский университет имени И. ЖансугуроваКазахстанZhetysu University named after I.ZhansugurovKazakhstan202617052026025414Copyright © Жадыра С., Муратбекова А.Е., Касенова Г.Т., 20262026Жадыра С., Муратбекова А.Е., Касенова Г.Т.Zhadyra S., Muratbekova A.E., Kassenova G.T.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.biosafety.kz/jour/article/view/224

В последние годы стремительное развитие научных исследований, направленных на изучение микробиологических сообществ, привело к появлению новых молекулярных методов. Среди них технология секвенирования нового поколения (Next Generation Sequencing, NGS) является одним из эффективных инструментов, позволяющих с высокой точностью и в короткие сроки исследовать генетический материал микроорганизмов. Данная технология широко применяется в изучении микробиома, обеспечивая возможность определения таксономического состава микроорганизмов, оценки их разнообразия и анализа функциональных возможностей.

Молоко и молочные продукты являются благоприятной средой для развития микроорганизмов, поэтому исследование их микробиологического состава имеет важное значение для обеспечения безопасности пищевых продуктов и контроля качества продукции. Использование технологии NGS открывает широкие возможности для определения структуры микробных сообществ в молоке и молочных продуктах, анализа их взаимодействий и оценки микробиологических факторов, влияющих на качество продукции.

В данной статье рассматриваются история развития технологии секвенирования нового поколения, методы метагеномного анализа и основные подходы к изучению микробиома. Кроме того, анализируются основные направления применения технологии NGS в исследовании микробиома молока и молочных продуктов. Результаты анализа литературных данных показывают, что технология NGS является важным научным инструментом для изучения микробиологического состава молочных продуктов и обеспечения безопасности пищевых продуктов.

In recent years, the rapid advancement of scientific research focused on microbial communities has led to the emergence of novel molecular approaches. Among these, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology has become one of the most effective tools, enabling high-precision and rapid analysis of the genetic material of microorganisms. This technology is widely applied in microbiome research, allowing for the identification of taxonomic composition, assessment of microbial diversity, and analysis of functional potential.

Milk and dairy products provide a favorable environment for microbial growth; therefore, investigating their microbiological composition is essential for ensuring food safety and quality control. The application of NGS technology offers significant opportunities to characterize microbial community structures in milk and dairy products, analyze microbial interactions, and evaluate microbiological factors affecting product quality.

This article reviews the historical development of NGS technology, metagenomic analysis methods, and key approaches to microbiome research. In addition, it examines the main directions of NGS application in the study of milk and dairy product microbiomes. The analysis of literature data demonstrates that NGS technology serves as an important scientific tool for investigating the microbiological composition of dairy products and ensuring food safety. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.