biobБиобезопасность и БиотехнологияBiosafety and Biotechnology2707-72412957-5702Научно-исследовательский институт проблем биологической безопасности10.58318/2957-5702-2025-21-59-71biob-144Research ArticleСТАТЬИArticlesЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ И ПУТИ ПЕРЕДАЧИ ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЯ ЛИХОРАДКИ ЗАПАДНОГО НИЛАEPIDEMIOLOGY OF WEST NILE FEVER, PATHWAYS OF TRANSMISSION AND CAUSATIVE AGENT OF DISEASEShttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5788-6074БисенбаеваК. Б.BeysenbayevaK. B.

Бисенбаева Карина Бисенбаевна

пгт Гвардейский 

Gvardeysky 

bisenbayeva.karina@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4141-7174МырзахметоваБ. Ш.MyrzakhmetovaB. Sh.

Мырзахметова Балжан Шайзадаевна

пгт Гвардейский 

Gvardeysky 

balzhan.msh@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-831XЖаппароваГ. А.ZhapparovaG. A.

Жаппарова Гульжан Амировна

пгт Гвардейский 

Gvardeysky 

qulzhan1003@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-9526-3539ТойтановаА. С.ToytanovaA. S.

Тойтанова Айжан Сейткаримовна

пгт Гвардейский 

Gvardeysky 

aizhana-1308@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-7831-4212ТленчиеваТ. М.TlenchievaT. M.

Тленчиева Талшын Муратовна

пгт Гвардейский 

Gvardeysky 

t.m.tlenchieva@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-0673КутумбетовЛ. Б.KutumbetovL. B.

Кутумбетов Леспек Бекболатович

пгт Гвардейский 

Gvardeysky 

lespek.k@gmail.ruТОО «Научно-исследовательский институт проблем биологической безопасности», Национальный холдинг «QazBioPharm»Казахстан«Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems» LLP, JSC "National Holding «QazBioPharm»Kazakhstan2025020420250215971Copyright © Бисенбаева К.Б., Мырзахметова Б.Ш., Жаппарова Г.А., Тойтанова А.С., Тленчиева Т.М., Кутумбетов Л.Б., 20252025Бисенбаева К.Б., Мырзахметова Б.Ш., Жаппарова Г.А., Тойтанова А.С., Тленчиева Т.М., Кутумбетов Л.Б.Beysenbayeva K.B., Myrzakhmetova B.S., Zhapparova G.A., Toytanova A.S., Tlenchieva T.M., Kutumbetov L.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.biosafety.kz/jour/article/view/144

Лихорадка Западного Нила природно – очаговая трансмиссивная вирусная инфекция, которая характеризуется лихорадочно – интоксикационным синдромом и частым поражением центральной нервной системы. Болезнь была названа так, потому что основным проявлением была «лихорадочность» и он впервые был обнаружен в округе Западного Нила. В данной статье описаны эпизоотологические и эпидемиологические аспекты Лихорадки Западного Нила в Казахстане и по Европе. Он считается одним из арбовирусных инфекции, который относится к роду Flavivirus семейства Flaviviridae. Переносчиками возбудителя Лихорадки Западного Нила являются комары рода Culex и некоторые виды птиц как вороны. Комары кусают и инфицируют здоровых птиц, животных и человека. От животных могут заразиться люди. Осложнения данного заболевания может привести к менингиту у людей, параличу мышц и даже смерти у животных и птиц.В настоящее время лиценционных вакцин от болезни ЛЗН не существует для людей, имеются эффективные вакцины для лошадей. В целях профилактики заражения во время отдыха на природе вокруг озер, рек и других мест необходимо пользоваться кремами от комаров или носить защитную одежду.

West Nile fever is a natural focal vector–borne viral infection characterized by fever intoxication syndrome and frequent damage to the central nervous system. The disease was so named because the main manifestation was "feverishness" and it was first discovered in the West Nile district. This article describes the epizootological and epidemiological aspects of West Nile Fever in Kazakhstan and across Europe. It is considered one of the arbovirus infections, which belongs to the genus Flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae. The carriers of the West Nile Fever pathogen are mosquitoes of the genus Culex and some bird species like crows. Mosquitoes bite and infect healthy birds, animals and humans. People can get infected from animals. Complications of this disease can lead to meningitis in humans, muscle paralysis, and even death in animals and birds.Currently, licensed vaccines against HPV disease do not exist for humans, there are effective vaccines for horses. In order to prevent infection during outdoor recreation around lakes, rivers and other places, it is necessary to use mosquito repellent creams or wear protective clothing.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.