biobБиобезопасность и БиотехнологияBiosafety and Biotechnology2707-72412957-5702Научно-исследовательский институт проблем биологической безопасности10.58318/2957-5702-2024-18-63-74biob-132Research ArticleСТАТЬИArticlesЗНАЧЕНИЕ И РОЛЬ СТАНДАРТОВ В ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИИ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИTHE IMPORTANCE AND ROLE OF STANDARDS IN BIOSAFETYhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-1196-789XМусабаеваБ. Б.MussabayevaB. B.bagila.muss@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-5589-2272ДубешкоС. Ю.DubeshkoC. U.121234std@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-3891-8718АбдуллаевЭ. А.AbdullayevE. A.a_emin_a@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8157-9170ТурсуноваШ. К.TursunovaSh. K.gen_sholpan@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8610-7321ДжумагазиеваА. Б.DzhumagazievaA. B.r_dawa@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7791-3145СейсембековаА. Б.SeysembekovaA. B.anara_bauyrzhanova@mail.ruШукуровР. Г.ShukurovR. G.princeitaljoe152@gmail.comАО "Научный центр противоинфекционных препаратов"Казахстан“Scientific center for anti-infectious drugs” JSCKazakhstanАО «Научный центр противоинфекционных препаратов»Казахстан“Scientific center for anti-infectious drugs” JSCKazakhstan2024151020230186374Copyright © Мусабаева Б.Б., Дубешко С.Ю., Абдуллаев Э.А., Турсунова Ш.К., Джумагазиева А.Б., Сейсембекова А.Б., Шукуров Р.Г., 20232023Мусабаева Б.Б., Дубешко С.Ю., Абдуллаев Э.А., Турсунова Ш.К., Джумагазиева А.Б., Сейсембекова А.Б., Шукуров Р.Г.Mussabayeva B.B., Dubeshko C.U., Abdullayev E.A., Tursunova S.K., Dzhumagazieva A.B., Seysembekova A.B., Shukurov R.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.biosafety.kz/jour/article/view/132

Стандарты играют важную роль в обеспечении биологической безопасности путем установления и соблюдения определенных требований и нормативов. Они способствуют систематизации и стандартизации процессов и процедур, направленных на предотвращение, детектирование и реагирование на потенциальные угрозы.Биологическая безопасность становится все более актуальной в условиях глобализации и развития науки и технологий. В мире, где угрозы от биологических агентов могут иметь широкий спектр проявлений – от эпидемий и пандемий до биотерроризма и экологических катастроф – стандарты играют ключевую роль в защите общества и окружающей среды. Появление заразных заболеваний, как естественных, так и преднамеренных, среди людей, животных и растений. Требуется многосторонних режимов биологического контроля для национальной безопасности и защиты окружающей среды.В настоящей статье представлен обзор нормативно-правовой базы по биобезопасности и биозащите.

Standards play an important role in biosecurity by establishing and enforcing certain requirements and regulations. They contribute to the systematization and standardization of processes and procedures aimed at preventing, detecting and responding to potential threats.Biological security is becoming increasingly relevant in the context of globalization and the development of science and technology. In a world, where threats from biological agents can range from epidemics and pandemics to bioterrorism and environmental disasters, standards play a key role in protecting society and the environment. Emergence of contagious diseases, both natural and intentional, among humans, animals and plants. Multilateral biological control regimes are required for national security and environmental protection.This article provides an overview of the regulatory framework for biosafety and biosecurity

стандартыбиологическая безопасностьбиологическая защитабиологические рискибиологические угрозыstandardsbiosafetybiosecuritybiological defensebiological risksbiological threatsReferencesЗакон Республики Казахстан от 5 октября 2018 года № 183-VІ ЗРК «О стандартизации».Zakon Respubliki Kazahstan ot 5 oktyabrya 2018 goda № 183-VІ ZRK «O standartizacii».Электронный ресурс: https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/standardAvailable at: https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/standardЗакон Республики Казахстан от 21 мая 2022 года № 122-VII ЗРК «О биологической безопасности Республики Казахстан».Zakon Respubliki Kazahstan ot 21 maya 2022 goda № 122-VII ZRK «O biologicheskoj bezopasnosti Respubliki Kazahstan».Электронный ресурс: https://www.merriam-webster.com/Available at: https://www.merriam-webster.com/.World Health Organization (WHO) (2006). WHO Biorisk Management Laboratory Biosecurity Guidance WHO/CDS/EPR/2006.6.World Health Organization (WHO) (2006). WHO Biorisk Management Laboratory Biosecurity Guidance WHO/CDS/EPR/2006.6.World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) (2017). Terrestrial Animal Health Code, 27th Edn. Paris: World Organisation for Animal Health.World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) (2017). Terrestrial Animal Health Code, 27th Edn. Paris: World Organisation for Animal Health.International Organization for Standardization (ISO) (2019). ISO 35001:2019: Biorisk Management for Laboratories and Other Related Organisations. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.International Organization for Standardization (ISO) (2019). ISO 35001:2019: Biorisk Management for Laboratories and Other Related Organisations. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (SCBD) (2000). Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity: Text and Annexes. Montreal, QC: SCBD.Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (SCBD) (2000). Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity: Text and Annexes. Montreal, QC: SCBD.National Research Council (2009). Responsible Research with Biological Select Agents and Toxins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12774National Research Council (2009). Responsible Research with Biological Select Agents and Toxins. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12774«Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002.» Public law 107–188—june 12, 2002«Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002.» Public law 107–188—june 12, 2002Novossiolova TA, Whitby S, Dando M, Pearson GS. The vital importance of a web of prevention for effective biosafety and biosecurity in the twenty-first century. One Health Outlook. 2021 Sep 20;3(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s42522-021-00049-4.Novossiolova TA, Whitby S, Dando M, Pearson GS. The vital importance of a web of prevention for effective biosafety and biosecurity in the twenty-first century. One Health Outlook. 2021 Sep 20;3(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s42522-021-00049-4.Berlinger, N. T. (2003). Why There Hasn’t Been An Anthrax Outbreak. https://www.inventionandtech.com/content/why-there-hasn%E2%80%99t-been-anthrax-outbreak-0 (не открывается)Berlinger, N. T. (2003). Why There Hasn’t Been An Anthrax Outbreak. https://www.inventionandtech.com/content/why-there-hasn%E2%80%99t-been-anthrax-outbreak-0Kruse, R. H., and Barbeito, M. S. (1997a). A history of the American Biological Safety Association Part II: safety conferences 1966 – 1977. JABSA 2, 10–25. doi: 10.1177/109135059700200406Kruse, R. H., and Barbeito, M. S. (1997a). A history of the American Biological Safety Association Part II: safety conferences 1966 – 1977. JABSA 2, 10–25. doi: 10.1177/109135059700200406Kruse, R. H., and Barbeito, M. S. (1997b). A history of the American Biological Safety Association Part III: safety conferences 1978 – 1987. JABSA 3, 11–25. doi: 10.1177/109135059800300108Kruse, R. H., and Barbeito, M. S. (1997b). A history of the American Biological Safety Association Part III: safety conferences 1978 – 1987. JABSA 3, 11–25. doi: 10.1177/109135059800300108Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. International Plant Protection Convention (FAO/IPPC) (2019a).Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. International Plant Protection Convention (FAO/IPPC) (2019a).World Trade Organization (WTO) (2019). The WTO and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/coher_e/wto_oie_e.htmWorld Trade Organization (WTO) (2019). The WTO and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/coher_e/wto_oie_e.htmWorld Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) (2019). International Standards. https://www.oie.int/en/standard-setting/overview/World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) (2019). International Standards. https://www.oie.int/en/standard-setting/overview/Novossiolova T. Comparing responses to natural, accidental and deliberate biological events. Rev Sci Tech. 2017;36(2):647–54 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30152455/Novossiolova T. Comparing responses to natural, accidental and deliberate biological events. Rev Sci Tech. 2017;36(2):647–54 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30152455/Dongsheng Zhou, Hongbin Song, Jianwei Wang, Zhenjun Li, Shuai Xu, Xingzhao Ji, Xuexin Hou, Jianguo Xu. Biosafety and biosecurity. Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity, Volume 1, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 15-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobb.2019.01.001.Dongsheng Zhou, Hongbin Song, Jianwei Wang, Zhenjun Li, Shuai Xu, Xingzhao Ji, Xuexin Hou, Jianguo Xu. Biosafety and biosecurity. Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity, Volume 1, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 15-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobb.2019.01.001.Stiss H. Biotechnology: a critical tool in achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals. BiotechNow. 27 March 2019.Stiss H. Biotechnology: a critical tool in achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals. BiotechNow. 27 March 2019.U.S. Government Accountability Office, Public Health Preparedness: HHS Could Improve Oversight of Research Involving Enhanced Potential Pandemic Pathogens, GAO-23-105455, 2023, https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-23-105455U.S. Government Accountability Office, Public Health Preparedness: HHS Could Improve Oversight of Research Involving Enhanced Potential Pandemic Pathogens, GAO-23-105455, 2023, https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-23-105455National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity, Proposed Biosecurity Oversight Framework for the Future of Science, 2023, https://osp.od.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/NSABB-Final-Report-Proposed-Biosecurity-Oversight-Framework-for-the-Future-of-Science.pdfNational Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity, Proposed Biosecurity Oversight Framework for the Future of Science, 2023, https://osp.od.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/NSABB-Final-Report-Proposed-Biosecurity-Oversight-Framework-for-the-Future-of-Science.pdfKuiken T. U.S. Oversight of Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity: Current Policies, Recommended Reforms, and Options for Congress, September 15, 2023, R47695. Congressional Research Service. https://crsreports.congress.govKuiken T. U.S. Oversight of Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity: Current Policies, Recommended Reforms, and Options for Congress, September 15, 2023, R47695. Congressional Research Service. https://crsreports.congress.govBielecka, A., Mohammadi, A.A. State-of-the-Art in Biosafety and Biosecurity in European Countries. Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. 62, 169–178 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00005-014-0290-1Bielecka, A., Mohammadi, A.A. State-of-the-Art in Biosafety and Biosecurity in European Countries. Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. 62, 169–178 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00005-014-0290-1.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.